ACTS 4 OVERFLOWING GRACE

February 8


ACTS 4

32 Now the full number of those who believed were of one heart and soul, and no one said that any of the things that belonged to him was his own, but they had everything in common. 33 And with great power the apostles were giving their testimony to the resurrection of the Lord Jesus, and great grace was upon them all. 34 There was not a needy person among them, for as many as were owners of lands or houses sold them and brought the proceeds of what was sold 35 and laid it at the apostles’ feet, and it was distributed to each as any had need. 36 Thus Joseph, who was also called by the apostles Barnabas (which means son of encouragement), a Levite, a native of Cyprus, 37 sold a field that belonged to him and brought the money and laid it at the apostles’ feet. Acts 4:32-37


ACTS 4 OVERFLOWING GRACE

A poem by ILMA inspired by these verses

When they were called to be servants of the Lord Jesus Christ

They became part of a family of believers who constantly witnessed

By the grace given to them, they testified to the resurrection

It is in this testimony that they come together in communion

They began to fill each other’s needs and stayed connected

Therefore, grace abounded because they were committed

By living this way, they encouraged and built one another

They became strong and ready to grow their faith together.


Luke’s account focused on how the disciples lived their lives in a community. It showed the accountability of each of the believers and manifested how they loved each other and built one another. In verse 33, Luke mentioned the powerful witnessing of the apostles to the resurrection of Jesus. Because of such faithful praise to God, they were overflowing with grace. In verse 34, one of the proofs of the fruit of grace is that there was nobody who was poor or needy in that community of believers. Those who possess properties and houses, shared whatever they have with those who didn’t have much. They all brought to the apostles whatever they have so that as all the gifts and contribution were gathered together, they met all the needs of the whole community. Luke specifically mentioned Joseph who was a Levite and native of Cyprus who sold a field he owned and gave the proceeds of that property to the apostles. It seemed like it was a big and generous act of giving. As a result of such loving and caring for each other, they abounded in God’s grace. Their needs were all met and they abounded in love and fellowship with each other. The result of such building each other up and being responsible for one another grew their church and community. That is overflowing grace!

These sharing and caring for one another in the believers’ lives is still practiced in our Christian churches now. They followed that same format of giving. This is why we have offerings and tithes that we give so that the people of God will be provided for. Even the act of giving is a manifestation of grace that we received when we were chosen to be God’s people.


REFLECTION

  • What overflowing grace have you received when you became a believer?

TITUS 2 THE BENEFITS OF GOD’S GRACE

February 7


TITUS 2

11 For the grace of God has appeared, bringing salvation for all people, 12 training us to renounce ungodliness and worldly passions, and to live self-controlled, upright, and godly lives in the present age, 13 waiting for our blessed hope, the appearing of the glory of our great God and Savior Jesus Christ, 14 who gave himself for us to redeem us from all lawlessness and to purify for himself a people for his own possession who are zealous for good works. 15 Declare these things; exhort and rebuke with all authority. Let no one disregard you. –  Titus 2:11-15


TITUS 2 THE BENEFITS OF GOD’S GRACE

A poem by ILMA inspired by these verses

God gave us grace because we cannot cleanse our sins

Only Christ’s blood made it possible to reconcile with Him

By the grace of God, we are able to train for righteousness

We can now have control over our desires and ungodliness

By the sacrifice on the cross, we no longer follow our cravings

Instead, we renounce our worldliness and seek godly living

With the grace granted to all those whom he has elected

Every believer is now able to praise God instead of pleasing self.


In this letter, Titus gives the church a guideline for the believers to follow by spelling out to them the benefits of God’s grace. It is almost like giving an instructional manual as to the profits of being granted salvation through Christ’s sacrifice on the cross.

Here are some of the results of God’s grace in a believer’s life according to Titus:

  • The believer is saved from the damnation of sin – no one can save himself from God’s wrath so

             God gave us Jesus to do that. He paid for our sins because we cannot pay it ourselves.

  • It trains the believer to renounce ungodliness and worldly passions – by being freed from the

             wrath of God, we can now let go of all the sins we habitually do. We are now alive in Christ and

             no longer slaves to sin.

  • It allows the believer to have self-control and upright lives – since the Holy Spirit lives in

             every believer, he is now able to take over the out-of-control lives they used to live.

  • The believer now posses a blessed hope -the hopeful expectancy of the fulfillment of the

             promise of God to his own people. They no longer believe in lies from the world but looking

             forward for the coming of Jesus.

  • The believer is now purified from his sins when he believed in Jesus – this means that he is now able to see himself as the temple of God and that everything he does is going to keep that temple pure and holy since God himself is holy.
  • The believer is now able to do good works because he is now a slave of righteousness and no longer in bondage to sin-his heart is changed from the sinfulness to the righteousness of Christ.

REFLECTION

  • Why is it important for us to understand the benefits of God’s grace as Christians?

ROMANS 5 GRACE ABOUNDS WHERE SIN INCREASED

 February 5


ROMANS 5

15 But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man’s trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man, Jesus Christ abounded for many. 16 And the free gift is not like the result of that one man’s sin. For the judgment following one trespass brought condemnation, but the free gift following many trespasses brought justification. 17 For if, because of one man’s trespass, death reigned through that one man, much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness reign in life through the one man Jesus Christ.18 Therefore, as one trespassled to condemnation for all men, so one act of righteousness leads to justification and life for all men. 19 For as by the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one man’s obedience the many will be made righteous. 20 Now the law came in to increase the trespass, but where sin increased, grace abounded all the more, 21 so that, as sin reigned in death, grace also might reign through righteousness leading to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord – Romans 5:15-21


ROMANS 5 GRACE ABOUNDS WHERE SIN INCREASED

A poem by ILMA inspired by these verses

Do you not know that Jesus came to pour out his grace on you?

Even though Adam made you sinful, Jesus made you righteous

Sin has made you guilty and exiled you from the presence of God

But Jesus has paid the price so you won’t experience his wrath

When sin increased, God’s grace overflows more

His steadfast love endures forever and his mercy abounds.


In this letter, Paul states the difference between the aftermath of Adam’s sin and God’s grace. When Adam rebelled and disobeyed God, he was banished from the garden and removed from God’s presence. The consequences of his sins were to work for his own livelihood and toil the ground where he came from. God kept the garden guarded with cherubim and a flaming sword (Genesis 3:24) so the tree of life will be protected from Adam and Eve, who are now defiled. This is what happens to us when we sin. We shut ourselves when we sin and hide from God’s presence because of our filthiness. We become spiritually dead and continue to be unable to cleanse ourselves.

But because God’s love for us is so vast and indescribable, He gave us a way out of that deadness to come back to life through Jesus. His perfect sacrifice on the cross was God’s solution to the problem of man’s sinful state. His anger over our sins cannot be appeased by unholy and defiled people, so he sent us his only Begotten Son to cleanse us from sin, while we are still sinners. Jesus didn’t die for the perfect people who are sinless since there is no such person. Jesus died for all those who need to be cleansed and reunited with God. Even though Jesus died for the whole world to be redeemed from sin, only a few are given the gift of faith. The invitation is open to all people, but only a few are given the ability to receive, accept and serve him. Many are called but only a few are chosen.


REFLECTION

  • Give insights when sin increased and grace flourished.

ROMANS 6 GOD’S PROMISE RESTS ON GRACE

February 4


ROMANS 6

13 For the promise to Abraham and his offspring that he would be heir of the world did not come through the law but through the righteousness of faith. 14 For if it is the adherents of the law who are to be the heirs, faith is null and the promise is void. 15 For the law brings wrath, but where there is no law there is no transgression.16 That is why it depends on faith, in order that the promise may rest on grace and be guaranteed to all his offspring—not only to the adherent of the law but also to the one who shares the faith of Abraham, who is the father of us all, 17 as it is written, “I have made you the father of many nations”—in the presence of the God in whom he believed, who gives life to the dead and calls into existence the things that do not exist. 18 In hope he believed against hope, that he should become the father of many nations, as he had been told, “So shall your offspring be. – Romans 6:13-18


ROMANS 6 GOD’S PROMISE RESTS ON GRACE

A poem by ILMA inspired by these verses

The promise of salvation was placed on an unworthy man

Despite his sinful state, Abraham was chosen for God’s plan

Abraham came from a pagan country and was a sinner like us

But it wasn’t his righteousness that counted but his faith and trust

It wasn’t anything special about him, only his obedience was amazing

He followed what he was instructed to do without complaining

He didn’t question anything even though it seemed impossible

He believed that God would use him and make all things possible.


In this letter, Paul presents to the Roman church why the promise of salvation rests on God’s grace alone and not on anything else. He reminded them that Abraham was chosen to be the one whom he will make a covenant with to fulfill his salvation plan for mankind. Abraham was from the country of Ur, a pagan nation and yet God chose someone who is not worthy to carry out his plan to redeem man from their sinfulness. He chose an ordinary sinful man to exercise his grace so that through Abraham, God manifested his power and glory to make possible the impossible. Nothing that Abraham did, made him God’s choice to be the father of all nations. It was grace that was given to an undeserving person that allowed him to obey the Lord without question and resistance. In his sinful natural state, Abraham could not have said “yes” to God. He didn’t even know where he was to go. He was only asked to follow where he leads him and leave everything behind.

Many other people in the bible that God chose to use were unworthy people. Some were criminals like David, prostitutes like Rahab, pagans like Ruth, killers like Paul and many others. This just goes to show how God can turn around any sinner and make them slaves of righteousness through his grace alone. He calls the dead in sin to become alive in righteousness through his Son’s work of salvation on the cross. If God gave us Jesus to free us from the bondage of sin, how can we not accept that gift of grace? Why would we want to continue living that old life instead of embracing the new creation in Christ?


REFLECTION

  • How does “grace” change your perspective in navigating the life you were given?

1 PETER 4 STEWARDS OF GRACE

February 2


1 PETER 4

For this is why the gospel was preached even to those who are dead, that though judged in the flesh the way people are, they might live in the spirit the way God does.The end of all things is at hand; therefore, be self-controlled and sober-minded for the sake of your prayers. Above all, keep loving one another earnestly, since love covers a multitude of sins. Show hospitality to one another without grumbling. 10 As each has received a gift, use it to serve one another, as good stewards of God’s varied grace: 11 whoever speaks, as one who speaks oracles of God; whoever serves, as one who serves by the strength that God supplies—in order that in everything God may be glorified through Jesus Christ. To him belong glory and dominion forever and ever. Amen. 1 Peter 4:6-11


1 PETER 4 STEWARDS OF GRACE

A poem by ILMA inspired by these verses

When you declared Jesus as your Lord and Savior

It is because of his grace that you were able to do so

It is an unmerited favor that He gave you his grace

It is not for your own benefit but solely for his praise

Since he gave you such undeserved favor

You ought to use it to serve one another.


In this account, Peter teaches the believers the reason why the gospel was preached to them. He emphasizes the state of the sinner’s life which is dead. In other words, he wants them to recognize that it is the grace of God that saved them from their own sins. There is nothing that they can boast about when it comes to their salvation. It is all the Lord’s work that freed us from God’s wrath. By his grace, we are freed from the bondage of sin.

Peter gives the church instructions as to how to be stewards of God’s grace. He pointed out the following:

  • To be self-controlled and sober-minded- they must not be following their flesh and gratifying their own selfish desires. They must be able to control their urges and pleasure seeking self.
  • To keep loving one another earnestly so their sins will be covered- this means that they no longer live in fear or mistrust. They will choose the path to love instead of fear so that they are not bound to be slaves of sins.
  • To show hospitality to one another without grumbling- to welcome and be open to carry each other’s burdens and exercise generosity to others.
  • To be stewards of grace for the praise of the Lord- to manifest giving grace to others especially those who need it most and who are not deserving. Because we were given amazing grace when we don’t deserve it, we also ought to give such grace to those who are difficult or treat us badly.

By following these guidelines that Peter gave the believers, they can walk in love and steward the grace that they received from God while they didn’t deserve it. This way, they bring God all the glory.


REFLECTION

  • How does grace and love work hand in hand in a believer’s life?

2 CORINTHIANS 12 THE SUFFICIENCY OF GOD’S GRACE

February 1


2 CORINTHIANS 12

Even if I should choose to boast, I would not be a fool, because I would be speaking the truth. But I refrain, so no one will think more of me than is warranted by what I do or say, or because of these surpassingly great revelations. Therefore, in order to keep me from becoming conceited, I was given a thorn in my flesh, a messenger of Satan, to torment me. Three times I pleaded with the Lord to take it away from me. But he said to me, “My grace is sufficient for you, for my power is made perfect in weakness.” Therefore, I will boast all the more gladly about my weaknesses, so that Christ’s power may rest on me. 10 That is why, for Christ’s sake, I delight in weaknesses, in insults, in hardships, in persecutions, in difficulties. For when I am weak, then I am strong. – 2 Corinthians 12:6-10


2 CORINTHIANS 12 THE SUFFICIENCY OF GOD’S GRACE

A poem by ILMA inspired by these verses

As a believer of the Lord Jesus Christ, let us be content

He gave his grace freely to all whom he has chosen

We do not have to prove that we are worthy of it

God gave us his Son freely, we just need to believe Him

We do not need to be afraid of hardships and difficulties

When we are weak, we are strong since his grace is sufficient

By his grace alone can we be free from the world’s corruption

Let us then rely only on his grace so we can avoid deception.


Before I was born again, I didn’t understand the meaning of grace. The Roman Catholic church where I was born and grew up in didn’t make the concept of grace very clear to me. I think it was messed up by false teachings on earning salvation through works. As a young girl, I was made to believe that if I go to communion and attend mass and confess to a priest, I would be okayed by God. I prayed the rosary daily and regularly confessed and heard mass, but my life was still full of habitual sins. We weren’t encouraged to read the bible, but just to listen to the stories about Jesus in our religion classes.

When I became reformed, it took me a while to understand grace because I was focused on works. If I am good, I will be worthy of God’s love. I wasn’t taught that I can do nothing to change whom God has elected to be his people. I had no understanding of covenant promises of God. In the Heidelberg Catechism, it explains that only by true faith in Jesus Christ am I righteous before God. It emphasizes that there is no merit in whatever I do but that it is only out of mere grace that I am credited the righteousness and holiness of Christ. It also explains that good works cannot be our righteousness before God, since our best works in this life are all imperfect and defiled with sin. It took me years to realize that every good work that I do also comes from the Lord himself. Even my decisions to live a life of service to the Lord also comes from his grace. There is nothing to be merited to me at all. When my false beliefs were straightened out by wrong doctrines from the Roman Catholic church and replaced by truth that God’s grace is sufficient for me as Paul highlights in this letter to the Corinthian church.


REFLECTION

·       How can a believer manifest living in the sufficiency of God’s grace?

ROMANS 1 SINS THAT LED TO A FOOLISH MIND

January 31


ROMANS 1

28 And since they did not see fit to acknowledge God, God gave them up to a debased mind to do what ought not to be done. 29 They were filled with all manner of unrighteousness, evil, covetousness, malice. They are full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, maliciousness. They are gossips, 30 slanderers, haters of God, insolent, haughty, boastful, inventors of evil, disobedient to parents, 31 foolish, faithless, heartless, ruthless. 32 Though they know God’s righteous decree that those who practice such things deserve to die, they not only do them but give approval to those who practice them. – Romans 1:28-32


ROMANS 1 SINS THAT LED TO A FOOLISH MIND

A poem by ILMA inspired by these verses

When you think that there’s no need to acknowledge God

It will bear consequences on your minds and your hearts

We will be filled with envy, conflicts, and haughtiness

Your priorities will all be towards the path to selfishness

You will hate God and do all kinds of rebellious acts

You will declare yourself as a god and want to be revered by all.


In this account, Paul explains the consequences of any believer who leaves the path of righteousness and decides to take the road towards idolatry. They didn’t see a need to acknowledge and revere the Lord.  Because of this choice, they were left by God to their foolish minds. As a result of such a decision, the Lord allowed them to drown in their own wickedness and debased minds. The consequences of these are the following sins that Paul enumerated in this letter:

·       Covetousness, greed and envy- since they desired to have it all, they began to hoard anything and everything so that they can feel powerful.

·       Malice, inventors of evil and all things wicked – because of their insecurity and mistrust, they have to invent all kinds of evil so that they can have control.

·       Disobedient to parents, heartless, insolent -they defy authority and have no care for those powerful and responsible for them.

·       Haters of God, faithless, idolaters, haughty, boastful – because they love themselves so much, they vilify everyone including their Creator. They also hate their own brothers and sisters and have no accountability for their own actions.

·       Ruthless, murderers, gossips and slanderers- without the knowledge of God, they didn’t care for others so they can just cancel anyone that gets in their way and assassinate them.

·       Unrighteous, evil, deceitful- they are darkened and have no shed of what is good. They manipulate to make everything about themselves and what they want to get.

All these acts clearly enumerated by Paul in this letter gives us a clear picture of the condition of the human heart, but more especially the Roman believers. This letter is to warn them of the old life that they used to live that they now have to abandon and return to God.


REFLECTION

·        Share insights on any of the consequences of not acknowledging God in this letter of Paul.

EPHESIANS 2 DEAD IN TRESPASSES AND SINS THROUGH CHRIST

January 30


EPHESIANS 2

And you were dead in the trespasses and sins in which you once walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that is now at work in the sons of disobedience— among whom we all once lived in the passions of our flesh, carrying out the desires of the flesh and the mind, and were by nature children of wrath, like the rest of mankind. But God, being rich in mercy, because of the great love with which he loved us, even when we were dead in our trespasses, made us alive together with Christ—by grace you have been saved— and raised us up with him and seated us with him in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus, so that in the coming ages he might show the immeasurable riches of his grace in kindness toward us in Christ Jesus. For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God, not a result of works, so that no one may boast. 10 For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand, that we should walk in them. – Ephesians 2:1-10


EPHESIANS 2 DEAD IN TRESPASSES AND SINS THROUGH CHRIST

A poem by ILMA inspired by these verses

Once you were by nature children of wrath, like all humans

But Christ freed you and changed your nature to please God

You are now dead in your trespasses and sins because of Christ

You are not slaves to sin anymore but are now dead from it

Walk in the guidance of the Spirit and never follow your cravings

Instead, aim to focus your mind and heart to what is righteous.


In this account, Paul explains the concept of being in control of the believers’ bondage to sin. He says that since Jesus died for them already, there is no reason for them to live sinful lives anymore. The grace given to them through their faith is not based on what they do and how they perform but on the gift of God when He sent his son to die on the cross. Because of this, no believer can boast about any of these gifts of grace since they received them from God even while they were still sinners and don’t deserve to be given such privileges.

Paul focuses on God’s being rich in mercy and love for mankind. Because we are loved by a faithful God, Paul wants the believers to learn the way of living free from the bondage of sin. This means that we follow that which is the opposite of the systems of the world. We aim to live under the law of love and liberty instead of the systems of greed and covetousness. It also means living a life of starving the passions and desires of our flesh which are all against God.

In verse 10, he points out how we are the workmanship of God. In Genesis 1:27, we know this to be true since he made both man and woman in his own image. The problem lies in the fall when sin twisted the purpose of our make. Sin changed the trajectory of our love from God to ourselves. So, Paul teaches the believers to go back to the way God made us for. It was for us to bring him glory and not ourselves.


REFLECTION

·       How can we live a life of freedom from sin instead of bondage to it?

LEVITICUS 5 ON FALSE TESTIMONY, RASH OATHS & IMPURITY

 January 29


LEVITICUS 5

“If anyone sins in that he hears a public adjuration to testify, and though he is a witness, whether he has seen or come to know the matter, yet does not speak, he shall bear his iniquity; or if anyone touches an unclean thing, whether a carcass of an unclean wild animal or a carcass of unclean livestock or a carcass of unclean swarming things, and it is hidden from him and he has become unclean, and he realizes his guilt; or if he touches human uncleanness, of whatever sort the uncleanness may be with which one becomes unclean, and it is hidden from him, when he comes to know it, and realizes his guilt; or if anyone utters with his lips a rash oath to do evil or to do good, any sort of rash oath that people swear, and it is hidden from him, when he comes to know it, and he realizes his guilt in any of these; when he realizes his guilt in any of these and confesses the sin he has committed, he shall bring to the Lord as his compensation for the sin that he has committed, a female from the flock, a lamb or a goat, for a sin offering. And the priest shall make atonement for him for his sin. – Leviticus 5:1-6


LEVITICUS 5 ON FALSE TESTIMONY, RASH OATHS & IMPURITY

A poem by ILMA inspired by these verses

As children of God, we are to speak the truth at all times

If we know something and omit to speak for justice’s sake

We are perverting fairness at its core and we are being impartial

When we give oaths and do not deliver it, we are as bad as any liar

If we follow the ways of the world, we are compromising our purity

Since God is holy, he requires all his people to be pure and holy.


In this book, Moses further explains in detail how the people of God can apply the laws of the Lord. The offenses spoken here by the prophet focus on giving false testimony, rash oaths or vows and impurity. Some of the details of the offenses here still reiterates all the ten commandments given by God to the prophet. Moses is explaining how moral laws were also patterned from the ten commandments of the Lord. This chapter of the book of Leviticus is a guideline for sin offering. Although we do not follow all these laws since Jesus has died for us already, we can still get a historical perspective of how so many civil and governmental laws are patterned after some of these laws.

As discussed in verse 1, a believer must never give a false testimony when he is called to witness. It is the same in our laws. We will perjure ourselves if we give false statements or pervert justice when we lie or omit something we know. Sin of omission is still sin because it is concealing the truth. If a witness covers up something he knows or refuses to give evidence or giving in parts, that is still a falsification of justice. He will carry the burden of omitting that evidence to bring justice and will later be bothered by his conscience.

These verses also mention the importance of not taking rash oaths especially to God. When we give vows without truly meaning it and keeping it, we are also lying. Purity is also required to all believers since God himself is holy.


REFLECTION

·       Explain what false testimony, rash oaths and impurity have in common? 

JOHN 5 BE WELL & SIN NO MORE

January 27


JOHN 5

Now that day was the Sabbath. 10 So the Jews said to the man who had been healed, “It is the Sabbath, and it is not lawful for you to take up your bed.” 11 But he answered them, “The man who healed me, that man said to me, ‘Take up your bed, and walk.’” 12 They asked him, “Who is the man who said to you, ‘Take up your bed and walk’?” 13 Now the man who had been healed did not know who it was, for Jesus had withdrawn, as there was a crowd in the place. 14 Afterward Jesus found him in the temple and said to him, “See, you are well! Sin no more, that nothing worse may happen to you.” 15 The man went away and told the Jews that it was Jesus who had healed him. 16 And this was why the Jews were persecuting Jesus, because he was doing these things on the Sabbath. 17 But Jesus answered them, “My Father is working until now, and I am working.” – John 5:9-17


JOHN 5 BE WELL & SIN NO MORE

A poem by ILMA inspired by these verses

When you are directed by the Holy Spirit

You will begin to clearly see how you are living

Your sins will be exposed and you will need to repent

This will be the beginning of your soul’s recovery

You will be healed and all will be well with your soul

Jesus will restore all aspects and every part of you

So, sin no more and wear your new nature in Christ

Your old self has died and now you are free and alive again.


In this account, John narrates one of the most famous miracles of Jesus during his public life. It was the healing of an invalid man for thirty-eight years on a Sabbath day. In the earlier verses before these following verses, we hear how Jesus asked the man who had been crippled for so many years the question “Do you want to be healed?” Why on earth did he have to ask that when he is God and he is all-knowing? The question is not about Jesus not knowing what they want but is about our admission of our need for being healed or saved. It is the humble act of recognizing that we cannot heal or fix our illnesses or sins. We need a Savior higher and mightier than us. Jesus cannot overrule the free will that God gave every human being. He needs from us the acknowledgement of that need. Jesus never overstepped the boundaries that the Lord God created. He cannot go against our will. We are given free will to choose him. He will never impose anything on us without our free will.

In these following verses, it is amazing how Jesus picked this man out of the many people who were ill in that place. I am sure, many are wanting to be healed like this man, but why him and not someone else from the crowd? We don’t know what made Jesus select this man. I think Jesus had so much compassion on this man who suffered that long. We will not be able to fathom whom God chooses to save and he won’t save. He is God and can do whatever pleases him. But when the man was healed, he was told not to sin anymore. Interesting how sin overlaps our illnesses in this account.


REFLECTION

  • Enumerate some sins that manifest as illnesses in the lives of many and share insights on them.